B Pharmacy 1st Semester New Syllabus Pdf Download

B Pharmacy 1st Semester New Syllabus PDF

Human Anatomy and Physiology-I Syllabus

Theory (PT -105)

Unit 1

• Introduction to the human body

Definitions with the scope of the anatomy and physiology, levels of structural Organizations and human body systems, basic life process, homeostasis, and some basic anatomical terminology.

• Cellular level of Organizations

Structures and functions of the cell, transport across the cell membrane, cell division, and cell junctions. General principles of cell communication, intracellular signaling pathways activation by the Extracellular signal molecule, Forms of the intracellular signaling: i) Contact-dependent ii) Paracrine iii) Synaptic iv) Endocrine

• Tissue level of organization

Tissue classification, structures, location, and functions of the epithelial, muscular nervous, and connective tissues.

Unit 2

• Integumentary System

Skin Structure and Functions

• Skeletal System

Skeletal system division, types of bones, Functions, and salient features of bones of the axial and appendicular skeletal system. Organizations of the skeletal muscles, physiology of the muscle contraction, Neuromuscular Junctions.

• Joints

Structural and functional classification of Joints, types of the joints moving, and articulation of joints.

Unit 3

• Body Fluids and Blood

Body fluids, Blood composition, and functions, Hemopoesis, hemoglobin formation, anemia, mechanism of coagulation, blood grouping, Rh factors, Blood transfusion, its significance, blood disorders, Reticuloendothelial System.

• Lymphatic System

Lymphatic organs and tissues, lymphatic vessels, lymph circulation, and lymphatic system functions.

Unit 4

• Peripheral nervous system

Peripheral nervous system classification, structures, and functions of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system. Origin and functions of cranial and spinal Nerves.

• Special senses

Structure and function of the Ear, Eye, Nose, and Tongue, and their disorders.

Unit 5

• Cardiovascular system

Anatomy of the Heart, circulation of blood, blood vessels, structures and functions of artery, vein, and capillaries, elements of the conduction system of heart and heartbeat, its regulation by the autonomic nervous system, cardiac cycle, and cardiac output. Regulation of the blood pressure, pulse, electrocardiogram (ECG), and disorders of the heart.

Practical (PT- 195)

I) Study of the compound microscope.

II) Microscopic study of the epithelial and connective tissue.

III) Microscopic details study of the muscular and nervous tissues.

IV) Identification of the axial bones.

V) Identifications of the apendicular bones.

VI) Introduction to hemocytometry.

VII) Enumeration of the WBC (white blood cell) count.

VIII) Enumeration of the RBC (red blood cell) count.

IX) Determination of the bleeding time.

X) Determination of the clotting time.

XI) Estimation of the hemoglobin content.

XII) Determination of the blood group.

XIII) Determination of ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate).

XIV) Determination of the Heart rate and pulse rate.

XV) Recording of the blood pressure.

Pharmaceutical Analysis Syllabus

Theory (PT -101)

Unit 1

(I) Pharmaceutical Analysis- Definition and Scope

a) Different techniques of the analysis. b) Methods of expressing concentration. c) Primary and Secondary Standards. d) Preparation and Standardization of various molar and normal solutions- Sodium hydroxide, Oxalic acid, Hydrochloric acid, Sodium thiosulphate, Sulphuric acid, Potassium permanganate, and Ceric ammonium sulfate.

b) Errors- Sources of errors, error types, method of minimizing errors, accuracy, precision, and significant figures.

c) Pharmacopoeia, Sources of the impurities in medicinal agents, various limit tests.

Unit 2

• Acid-base titration- Theories of acid-base indicators, acid-base titration classification, and theory involved in titrations of strong, weak, and very weak acids and base neutralization curves.

• Nonaqueous titration- solvents used, acidimetry and alkalimetry titrations used, and estimation of sodium benzoate and Ephedrine HCl.

Unit 3

• Precipitation Titration

Mohr’s Method, Volhard’s Method, Modified Volhard’s Method, Fajan method, estimation of sodium chloride.

• Complexometric titration

Classification of the complexometric titration, masking agents and demasking agents, Metal ion Indicators, estimation of the magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄) and Calcium Gluconate.

• Gravimetry

Steps and Principles involved in the gravimetric analysis, purity of the precipitates, co-precipitation, and post-precipitation, estimated of the barium sulfate.

• Basic principles, methods, and applications of diazotization titrations.

Unit 4

• Redox Titration

(a) Different concepts of Reduction and Oxidation (b) Types of Redox titrations (Principles and Application) Iodimetry, Cerimetry, Iodometry, Bromatometry, Dicrometry, Titration with potassium Iodated.

Unit 5

Electrochemical methods of analysis.

• Conductometry

Introduction to conductometry, conductivity cells, conductometric titrations, and applications.

• Potentiometry

Electrochemical cell, construction and working of the reference electrode (standard hydrogen, silver chloride electrode, and calomel electrode) and Indicators electrodes (metal electrodes and glass electrode), methods to determine the endpoint of potentiometric titrations and applications.

• Polarography

Principles of polarography, ILKOVIC equation, construction and working principles of dropping mercury electrode and rotating platinum electrode and application.

Practical (PT- 191)

1. Limit Test of the following:- (a) Chloride, (b) Sulphate, (c) Iron, (d) Arsenic

2. Preparation and Standardization of:-

• Sodium hydroxide
• Sulphuric acid
• Sodium thiosulphate
• Potassium permanganate
• Ceric ammonium sulfate

3. Assay of different compounds along with standardization of titrant:-

• Ammonium chloride by acid-base titration
• Ferrous sulfate by Cerimetry
• Copper sulfate by Iodometry
• Calcium gluconate by complexometry titration
• Hydrogen peroxide by permanganometry
• Sodium benzoate by non-aqueous titration
• Sodium Chloride by precipitation titration

4. Determination of Normality by electro-analytical methods:-

• Conductometric titration of strong acid against the strong base
• Conductometric titration of strong acid and weak acid against the strong base
• Potentiometric titration of strong acid against the strong base

Pharmaceutics-I Syllabus

Theory (PT -106)

Unit 1

• Historical background and development of the Pharmacy field Profession

History of the pharmacy field profession in India about pharmacy education, Industry, and Organizations, pharmacy as a career, Pharmacopoeias:- Introduction to the BP, IP, USP, and Extra Pharmacopoeia.

• Dosage Forms

Introduction to the dosage forms, classification, and definitions of dosage forms.

• Prescription

Definition of prescription, parts of prescription, handling of prescription, and prescription errors.

• Posology

Definition of posology, factors affecting posology, pediatric dose calculations based on age, body weight, and body surface area.

Unit 2

• Pharmaceutical calculation

Weights and measures of Imperial and Metric Systems, calculation involving percentage solutions, allegation, proof spirit, and isotonic solutions based on molecular weight and freezing point.

• Powder

Definition, classification, advantages & disadvantages of powders, simple and compounds powder- official preparation, dusting powders, effervescent, efflorescent and hygroscopic powders, eutectic mixtures, Geometric dilutions.

• Liquid Dosage forms

Advantages and Disadvantages of liquid dosage forms, Formulation of liquid dosage form excipients used solubility enhancement techniques.

Unit 3

• Monophasic liquids

Definitions and preparations of Gargles, Mouthwashes, Throat Paint, Nasal drops, Eardrops, Enemas, Syrups, Liniments, Elixirs, and Lotions.

• Biphasic Liquids

Definition, advantages, and disadvantages of biphasic liquids.

• Suspensions

Definition, advantages, and disadvantages of suspensions, preparation of suspensions, flocculated and deflocculated suspensions & stability problems, and methods to overcome.

• Emulsions

Definition and classification of emulsion, Emulsifying Agents, test for the identification of the type of emulsion, methods of preparation and stability problems, and methods to overcome arise.

Unit 4

• Suppositories

Definition, Types, advantages, and disadvantages of suppositories, types of bases, methods of preparation, Displacement value and its calculations, evaluation of the suppositories.

• Pharmaceutical Incompatibilities

Definition, classification, Chemical, Physical and therapeutic incompatibilities with the examples.

Unit 5

• Semi-solid dosage forms

Definition and classification of semisolid dosage forms, mechanism, and factors influencing dermal penetration of drugs, preparation of ointments, creams, pastes, and gels, excipients used in semi-solid dosage forms, evaluation of semi-solid dosage forms.

Practical (PT- 196)

I. Syrups:- (i) Syrup IP’66 (ii) Compound syrup of ferrous phosphate BPC’68

II. Elixirs:- (i) Piperazine citrate elixir (ii) Paracetamol pediatrics elixir

III. Linctus:- (i) Terpin Hydrate Linctus IP’66 (ii) Iodine Throat Paint (Mandles Paint)

IV. Solutions:- (i) Strong solutions of ammonium acetate (ii) Cresol with a soap solution (iii) Lugol’s solution

V. Suspensions:- (i) Calamine lotion (ii) Magnesium Hydroxide Mixture (iii) Aluminium Hydroxide Gel

VI. Emulsions:- (i) Turpentine Liniment (ii) Liquid paraffin emulsion

VII. Powders and Granules:- (i) ORS powder (WHO) (ii) Effervescent granules (iii) Dusting powder (iv) Divided powder

VIII. Suppositories:- (i) Glycerol gelatin suppository (ii) Coca butter suppository (iii) Zinc oxide suppository

IX. Semisolids:- 1) Sulphur Ointment, 2) Staining-iodine ointment with the methyl salicylate, 3) Carbonyl Gel

X. Gargles and Mouthwashes:- (i) Iodine gargle (ii) Chlorhexidine mouthwash

Pharmaceutical Inorganic Chemistry Syllabus

Theory (PT -103)

Unit 1

• Impurities in pharmaceutical substances

History of the Pharmacopoeia, sources, and types of impurities, principles involved in the limit test for the Sulphate, Chloride, Iron, Arsenic, Lead, and Heavy metals, modified limit test for sulfate and chloride.

• General methods of preparation

assay of the compounds, properties, and medicinal uses of inorganic compounds belonging to the following classes.

Unit 2

• Acids, Bases, and Buffers

In general, Buffer equation and buffer capacity, buffers in pharmaceutical systems, preparation, stability, buffered, buffered isotonic solutions, tonicity measurements, calculation, and methods of adjusting tonicity.

• Major extra & intracellular electrolytes

Functions of the major physiological ions, and electrolytes used in the replacement theory- Sodium hydroxide, Calcium gluconate, Potassium Chloride, and Oral Rehydration Salt (ORS), Physiological acid-base balance.

• Dental products

Dentrifices, Role of fluoride in the treatment of dental caries, Desentisitizing agents, Sodium fluoride, Calcium carbonate, and Zinc eugenol cement.

Unit 3

• Gastrointestinal agents

Acidifiers:- Ammonium chloride and diluted HCl.

Antacid:- Ideal properties of the antacids, antacids combination, Sodium bicarbonate, Aluminium Hydroxide Gel, and Magnesium hydroxide mixture.

Cathartics:- Magnesium sulfate, sodium orthophosphate, Kaolin, and Bentonite.

Antimicrobials:- Classification and Mechanism of Antimicrobials, Potassium permanganate, Hydrogen peroxide, Boric Acid, Chlorinated lime, Iodine, and their preparations.

Unit 4

• Miscellaneous Compounds

Expectorants:- Potassium iodide and Ammonium Chloride.

Emetics:- Copper sulfate and Sodium potassium tartrate.

Haematinics:- Ferrous sulfate and ferrous gluconate.

Poison and Antidote:- Sodium thiosulphate, Activated charcoal, and Sodium nitrite.

Astringents:- Zinc sulfate and Potash alum.

Unit 5

• Radiopharmaceuticals

Radioactivity, Measurement of Radioactivity, Properties of radiation, Half-life, Radio Isotopes and study of radioisotopes: Sodium Iodide (I131), Storage conditions, Radioactive substances precautions, and pharmaceutical applications.

Practical (PT- 193)

1. Limit tests for following ions

• Limit test for Chlorides and Sulphates
• Modified limit test for Chlorides and Sulphates
• Limit test for Irons
• Limit test for Heavy metals
• Limit test for Lead
• Limit test for Arsenic

2. Identification test

• Magnesium Hydroxide
• Ferrous Sulphate
• Sodium Bicarbonate
• Calcium Gluconate
• Copper Sulphate

3. Test for Purity

• Swelling Power of Bentonite.
• Neutralizing capacity of aluminum hydroxide gel.
• Determine if the potassium iodate & iodine in potassium iodide Solutions.

4. Preparation of Inorganic Pharmaceuticals

• Boric Acid
• Potash Alum
• Ferrous Sulphate

Communication Skills Syllabus

Theory (HU- 181)

Unit 1

• Communication Skills

Definitions, Introduction, The Importance of Communication, The Communication Process – Source, Encoding, Message, Channel, Decoding, Feedback, Receiver, and Context.

• Barriers to Communication

Physical Barriers, Physiological Barriers, Cultural Barriers, Language Barriers, Gender Barriers, Psychological Barriers, Interpersonal Barriers, Emotional Barriers.

• Perspectives in Communication

Introduction, Visual Perception, Language, Other Factors Affecting Our Perspective, Past Experiences, Prejudices, Feelings, and Environment.

Unit 2

• Elements of the Communication Skills

Introduction of Communication Skills, Face Facing Communication Skills, Tone of Voice, Body Language (Non-verbal Communication), Verbal Communication, and Physical Communication Skills.

• Communication Styles

Introduction, Communication Styles, Matrix with an example for each, Direct Communication Style, Spirited Communication Style, Systemic Communication Style, Considered Communication Style.

Unit 3

• Basic Listening Skills

Introduction and Self-awareness, Active listening, Becoming an active listener, listening in difficult situations.

• Effective Written Communication

Introduction and When and When Not to use written communication, Complexity of the topic, Amount of Discussion Required, Shades of Meaning, Formal Communication.

• Writing Effectively

Subject lines, Put the main point first, know your audience and the Organization of the message.

Unit 4

• Interview Communication Skills

Purpose of an interview Skills Do’s and Dont’s of an interview Communication Skills.

• Giving Presentation

Dealing with fears, Planning your presentation, structuring your presentation, Delivering your presentation, and techniques of delivery.

Unit 5

• Group Discussion

Introduction and Communication Skills in group discussion, Do’s and Dont’s of group discussion.

Practical (HU- 182)

1. Basic communication Coverings of the following topics

• Meeting People
• Asking Questions
• Making Friends
• What did you do?
• Do’s and Dont’s

2. Pronunciation covering the following topics

• Pronunciation (Consonant)
• Pronunciation and Noun
• Pronunciation (Vowel Sounds)

3. Advanced Learning

• Listening comprehension / Direct or Indirect speech
• Figures of speech
• Effective communication
• Writing skills
• Effective writing
• Interview handling skills
• E-mail etiquette
• Presentation skills

Remedial Biology Syllabus

Theory (PTB- 184)

Unit 1

Living World

• Characterization and definition of living organisms
• Diversity in the living world
• Binomial nomenclature
• Five Kingdoms of life process and Basis of Classification
• Salient features of Monera, Protista, Fungi, Animalia, & Plantae, Virus.

Morphology of flowering plants

Morphology of the different parts of flowering plants- Root, Stem, Flower, Leaf, Fruit, Inflorescence, Seed; General anatomy of Root, Stem, and leaf monocotyledons & dicotylidones.

Unit 2

Body fluids and circulation

Blood groups, Blood Composition, Coagulation of the blood, Functions and composition of lymph, Human circulatory system, Cardiac Cycle, Cardiac Output, and ECG.

Digestion and absorption

Human GI tract and digestive glands, Role of the digestive enzymes, Digestion, absorption, and assimilation of digested food.

Breathing and Respiration

Human Breathing & Respiratory System, Mechanism of Breathing and Regulation, Exchange of Gases, Transport of Gases & Regulation of Respiration, and Respiratory Volumes.

Unit 3

Excretory products & their elimination from the Body

Modes of the excretion, Human excretory system structure and function, Urine formation, Rennin angiotensin system (RAAS) of Excretion.

Neural Control and Coordination

Definition and classification of the neural control and nervous system, the structure of a neuron, Generation, and conduction of nerve impulse, Structure of the brain and spinal cord, Functions of the Cerebrum, Hypothalamus, Cerebellum, and Medulla oblongata.

Chemical Coordination & Regulations of the System

Endocrine glands & their secretions from the human body, Functions of the hormones secreted by endocrine glands system.

Human Reproduction

Parts of the male and female reproductive system, spermatogenesis and Oogenesis, Menstrual cycle.

Unit 4

Plants and Mineral Nutrition

An essential of minerals, macro & micronutrients, Nitrogen metabolism, Nitrogen cycle, and biological nitrogen fixation.

Photosynthesis

Definition, Classification, Autotrophic nutrition, photosynthesis, photosynthetic pigments, factors affecting photosynthesis.

Unit 5

Plant Respiration

Plant respiration, Glycolysis, TCA cycle, fermentation (anaerobic system).

Plant Growth and Development

Phases and rate of plant growth and development, condition of growth, Introduction to plant growth regulators.

Cell- the basic unit of life process

Structure and functions of cell and cell organelles, cell division.

Tissues

Definition, Types of tissues, location, and functions.

Practical (PTB- 185)

I. Introduction of the experiments in biology (i) Study of Microscope (ii) Section cutting techniques (iii) Mounting and Staining (iv) Permanent slide presentation.

II. Study of the cell and its inclusions.

III. Study of Stem, Root, Leaf, Fruit, Seed, flower, and their modifications.

IV. Detailed study of the frog by using computer models.

V. Microscopic study and identification of tissues pertinent to Stem, Root, Seed, Leaf, and flower.

VI. Identification of bones.

VII. Determination of blood group.

VIII. Determination of blood pressure.

IX. Determination of tidal volume.

Remedial Mathematics Syllabus

Theory (PT- M183)

Unit 1

• Partial fraction

Introduction of partial fraction, Polynomial, Rational fractions, Proper and Improper fraction, Application of Partial fraction in chemical kinetics and Pharmacokinetics.

• Logarithms

Definition and Introduction, Theorems/ Properties of logarithms, Common logarithms, characteristics, and Mantissa, worked examples, Application of logarithms to solve pharmaceutical problems.

• Functions

Real valued function, Classification of real-valued functions.

• Limits and Continuity

Definition and Introduction, the limit of a function, and some examples.

Unit 2

• Matrices and Determinants

Introduction to matrices, types of matrices, Operation on matrices, transpose of a matrix, matrix multiplication, Determinants, Properties of determinants, Product of determinants, minors and co-factors, Adjoint or adjugate of a square matrix, Singular and non-singular matrices,

The inverse of a matrix, solution of a system of linear equations using matrix method, Cramer’s rule, Characteristics equation and roots of a square matrix, Cayley-Hamilton theorem, Application of Matrices in solving Pharmacokinetic equations.

Unit 3

• Calculus

Differentiation Introduction, Derivative of functions, Derivative of a constant, Derivative of a product of a constant and a function, Derivative of the sum or difference of two functions, Derivative of the product of two functions (product formula),

Derivative of the quotient of two functions (Quotient formula) without proof, Derivatives of xⁿ concerning x, where n is any rational number, Derivatives of e^x, Derivative of loge x, Derivatives of an ax, Derivative of trigonometric functions from fits principles (without proof),

Successive differentiation, Conditions for a function to be a maximum or a minimum at a point, Application of calculus.

Unit 4

• Analytical Geometry

Introduction and sign of the coordinates, Distance formula, Straight-line slope or gradient, Conditions for parallelism and perpendicularity of two lines, the slope of a line joining two points, slope-intercept form a straight line,

Integration introduction and definition, Standard formulae, Rules of integration, Method of substitution, Method of partial fractions, Integration by parts, Definite integral, application.

Unit 5

• Differential Equations

Some basic definitions of differential equations are order and degree, Equation inseparable form, Homogeneous equations, Linear differential equations, Exact equations, and Application in solving pharmacokinetic equations.

• Laplace Transform

Introduction and definition to Laplace transform, Properties of Laplace transform, Laplace transforms of elementary functions, Inverse Laplace transforms, Laplace transform of derivatives, Application to solve linear differential equations, Application in solving chemical kinetics and Pharmacokinetics equations.