D Pharmacy 1st Year Syllabus & Subjects Pdf

D Pharmacy 1st Year Syllabus Pdf

Pharmaceutics Syllabus

Theory (ER20-11T)

Chapter 1

• History details of the professional of Pharmacy in India related to Pharmacy Education, Pharmacy Practice, Industry, Various professional associations, Pharmacy as a career

Pharmacopeia:- Introduction to the IP, BP, NF, USP, and extra pharmacopeia, salient features of the Indian Pharmacopoeia.

Chapter 2

• Packaging Materials: Types of packaging materials, selection process, advantages and disadvantages of glass, metal, plastic, and rubber as packaging materials.

Chapter 3

• Pharmaceutical Aids: Organoleptic (Colouring, Flavouring, and Sweetening) agents.

• Preservatives: Definitions of preservatives, Types, examples, and Uses.

Chapter 4

• Unit Operations: Definitions of unit operation, Objectives, Applications, Principles, Construction, and Working of various instruments

• Size Reduction: Objectives, Definitions, Ball mill & Hammer mill in size reduction.

• Size Separation: Classification of the Powders according to the IP, Cyclone separator, Sieves, and Standards of Sieves.

• Mixing: Various blenders like Double cone blender, Tripple roller mill, Turbine mixture, and Silverson mixer homogenizer.

• Filtration: Theory of the filtration, Membrane filter, and Sintered glass filter

• Drying: Working of the fluidized bed dryer and process of freeze-drying.

• Extraction: Definitions of Extraction, Classification, Methods, and Applications

Chapter 5

• Tablets: Coated and Uncoated Tablets, Various modified tablets like Extended-release, Sustained-release, Extended-release, Fast dissolving, Multi-layered, etc.

• Capsules: Hard and Soft Gelatin capsules

• Liquid Oral Preparation: Liquid oral solution, Syrups, Emulsion, Elixirs, Suspensions, and Dry powder for the reconstitution.

• Topical Preparation: Topical creams, Ointments, Pastes, Gels, Liniments, Lotions, Suppositories, and Pessaries

• Powders and Granules: Dusting Powders, Insufflations, Effervescent powders, and Effervescent granules.

• Sterile Formulations: Injectable, Eye Ointments, and Eye drops.

• Immunological Products: Sera Toxoids, Vaccines, and their manufacturing methods.

Chapter 6

• Basic Structure, Layout Section, and Activities of the Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Plants: Definitions and concepts of Quality control, and quality assurance, cGMP (Current Good Manufacturing Practice), Introduction to the concepts of calibration and validation.

Chapter 7

• Novel Drug Delivery Systems: Introduction, Classification, Examples, Advantages, and Disadvantages

Practical (ER20-11P)

1. Handling and referring to the official reference pharmacopeia, formularies, etc for the procedure and retrieving, etc.

2. Formulation of the dosage forms as per the monograph standard and dispensing with the proper packaging and labeling of the

• Liquid Orals
• Suspension
• Emulsion
• Ointments
• Cream
• Gel
• Liniments
• Dry powder
• Sterile Injection
• Tablets
• Hard Gelatin Capsules

3. Formulation of the five commonly used cosmetics preparation e.g. Cold cream, Lotions, Shampoo, Toothpaste.

4. Determination of the various stages of the tablet manufacturing process.

5. Appropriate methods of the usage and storage of all the forms includes special dosage like various types of spacers, inhalers, and insulin pens.

6. Determination of the quality control tests and the evaluation of the common dosage forms viz. Capsules, Tablets, Emulsion, and Sterile Injections as per the monograph.

Pharmaceutical Chemistry Syllabus

Theory (ER20-12T)

Chapter 1

• Introduction to Pharmaceutical Chemistry: Scope and objectives of Pharmaceutical Chemistry.

• Sources and types of errors: Accuracy, Precision, and Significance figures.

• Impurities in Pharmaceutical: Sources and effects of the impurities in pharmacopoeial substances, the importance of the limit test, principles and procedures of the limit tests for Chlorides, Iron, Heavy metals, Sulphates, and Arsenic.

Chapter 2

• Volumetric Analysis: Fundamental of the volumetric analysis, Acid-base Titrations, non-aqueous Titrations, Precipitation Titrations, Redox Titrations, and Complexometric Titrations.

• Gravimetric Analysis: Principles and methods of gravimetric analysis.

Chapter 3

• Inorganic Pharmaceuticals: Pharmaceuticals formulations, Marketing preparation, Storage conditions, and Uses of the following

• Haematinics: Ferrous sulfate, Ferrous ammonium citrate, Ferrous fumarate, Ferrous ascorbate, Carbonyl iron.

• Gastrointestinal Agents: Antacids, Aluminium hydroxide gel, Magnesium hydroxide, Sodium bicarbonate, Magaldrate, Calcium carbonate, Acidifying Agents, Protectives, Adsorbents, and Cathartics.

• Topical Agents: Ionic silver, Silver Nitrate, Hydrogen peroxide, Boric Acid, Chlorhexidine Gluconate, Bleaching powder, and Potassium permanganate.

• Dental Products: Calcium carbonate, Sodium fluoride, Denture adhesive, Denture cleaners, and Mouthwashes.

• Medicinal Gases: Carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrous oxide.

Chapter 4

• Introduction to Nomenclature: Introduction to the nomenclature of the organic chemical systems with particular reference to the heterocyclic compounds containing up to three rings.

Chapter 5

Drug Acting on Central Nervous System (CNS)

• Anaesthetic: Thiopental sodium, Propofol, and Ketamine hydrochloride

• Sedatives and Hypnotics: Diazepam, Nitrazepam, Alprazolam, and Phenobarbital

• Antipsychotics: Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride, Risperidone, Haloperidol, Sulpiride, Olanxzapine, Lurasidone, and Quetiapine.

• Anticonvulsant: Phenytoin, Clonazepam, Valproic acid, Carbamazepine, Gabapentin, Topiramate, Lamotrigine, and Vigabatrin.

• Anti-depressants: Amitriptyline Hydrochloride, Imipramine Hydrochloride, Fluoxetine, Duloxetine, Venlafaxine, Sertraline, Escitalopram, Citalopram, Paroxetine, and Fluvoxamine.

Chapter 6

Drug Acting on Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)

• Sympathomimetics Agents: Direct Acting: Nor-Epinephrine, Epinephrine, Dopamine, Phenylephrine, Terbutaline, Naphazoline, Salbutamol, and Terbutaline; Indirect Acting: Hydroxy Amphetamine, Pseudoephedrine, Agents with mixed mechanism, Metaraminol, and Ephedrine.

• Adrenergic Antagonists: Alpha Adrenergic blockers; Phentolamine, Tolazoline, Prazosin, Phenoxybenzamine, Beta-Adrenergic blockers; Atenolol, Propranolol, Carvedilol

• Cholinergic Drugs and Related Agents: Direct Acting; Acetylcholine, Pilocarpine, Carbachol, Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Neostigmine, Tacrine hydrochloride, Edropbonium chloride, Echothiophate iodate, and Pralidixime chloride.

• Cholinergic Blocking Agents: Atropine Sulphate and Ipratropium bromide. Synthetic Cholinergic Blocking Agents; Tropicamide, Clidinium bromide, Cyclopentolate hydrochloride, and Dicyclomine hydrochloride.

Chapter 7

Drugs Acting on Cardiovascular System

• Anti-Arrhythmic Drugs: Quinidine Sulphate, Verapamil, Procainamide hydrochloride, Phenytoin Sodium, Lidocaine Hydrochloride, Lorcainide Hydrochloride, Sotalol, and Amiodarone.

• Anti-Hypertensive Agents: Propranolol, Ramipril, Methyldopate Hydrochloride, Captopril, Hydralazine Hydrochloride, Clonidine Hydrochloride, and Nifedipine.

• Antianginal Agents: Isosorbide Dinitrate

Chapter 8

• Diuretics: Acetazolamide, Bumetanide, Frusemide, Chlorthalidone, Benzthiazide, Xipamide, Spironolactone and Metolazone.

Chapter 9

• Hypoglycemic Agents: Insulin and Its Preparations, Glibenclamide, Glimepiride, Metformin, Pioglitazone, Gliflozins, Gliptins, and Repaglinide.

Chapter 10

• Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Agents: Morphine Analogues, Narcotic Antagonists; Nonsteroidal Anti- Inflammatory Agents-Diclofenac, Piroxicam, Celecoxib, Aspirin, Mefenamic Acid, Paracetamol, Aceclofenac, and Ibuprophen.

Chapter 11

Anti-Infective Agents

• Antifungal Agents: Amphotericin-B, Miconazole, Ketoconazole, Itraconazole, Griseofulvin, Fluconazole, and Naftifine Hydrochloride.

• Urinary Tract Anti-Infective Agents: Norfloxacin, Ofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, Ciprofloxacin.

• Anti-Tubercular Agents: Ethambutol, Para Amino Salicylic Acid, INH, Bedaquiline, Pyrazinamide, Delamanid, Rifampicin, and Pretomanid

• Antiviral Agents: Amantadine Hydrochloride, Acyclovir, Idoxuridine, Foscarnet, Ribavirin, Zidovudine, Remdesivir, and Favipiravir.

• Antimalarials: Chloroquine Phosphate, Primaquine Phosphate, Quinine sulfate, Cycloguanil, Pyrimethamine, Artemisinin, and Mefloquine.

• Sulfonamides: Sulfadiazine, Sulfamethoxazole, Sulfanilamide, Sulfacetamide, Mafenide Acetate, Dapsone, and Cotrimoxazole.

Chapter 12

• Antibiotics: Amoxicillin, Penicillin G, Cloxacillin, Streptomycin, Tetracyclines: Minocycline, Doxycycline, Macrolides: Erythromycin, Azithromycin, Miscellaneous: Chloramphenicol, and Clindamycin.

Chapter 13

• Antu-Neoplastic Agents: Busulfan, Cyclophosphamide, Mercaptopurine, Methotrexate, Fluorouracil, Dactinomycin, Doxorubicin Hydrochloride, Cisplatin, Vinblastine Sulphate, and Dromostanolone Propionate.

Practical (ER20-12P)

1. Limit test for the Chlorides, Iron, Sulphate, Iron, and Heavy metals.

2. Identification tests for Cations and Anions as per Indian Pharmacopoeia Book.

3. Fundamentals of the Volumetric analysis Preparation of standard solution and Standardization of Potassium Permanganate, and Sodium Hydroxide.

4. Assay of the following compounds Ferrous Sulphate, Calcium gluconate, Sodium chloride, Ascorbic acid, and Ibuprofen.

5. Determination of the Melting point and boiling point of organic compounds.

6. Preparation of organic compounds Picric acid from phenol, and Benzoic acid from Benzamide.

7. Identification and test for the purity of the Aspirin, Paracetamol, Caffeine, and Sulfanilamide.

8. The Systematic Qualitative analysis experiments.

Pharmacognosy Syllabus

Theory (ER20-13T)

Chapter 1

• Pharmacognosy Definitions, History, Present Status, and Scope.

Chapter 2

• Classification of drugs: Alphabetical, Morphological, Taxonomical, Pharmacological, Chemical, and Chemo-taxonomical classification of drugs.

Chapter 3

• Quality Control of Crude Drugs: Different methods of the adulteration of crude drugs, and Evaluation of crude drugs.

Chapter 4

• Short outline of the occurrence, isolation, identification tests, distribution, therapeutic activity, and pharmaceutical applications of terpenoids, alkaloids, volatile oils, glycosides, tannins, and resins.

Chapter 5

Biological source, various chemical constituents, and therapeutic efficacy of the following crude drugs Laxatives, Cardiotonic, Carminatives, Astringents, Drugs acting on the nervous system, Anti-Hypertensive, Anti-tussive

Anti-rheumatics, Anti-tumour, Antidiabetics, Diuretics, Anti-dysenteric, Antiseptics and disinfectants, Antimalarials, Oxytocic, Vitamins, Enzymes, Pharmaceutical Aids, Miscellaneous.

Chapter 6

• Plant fibers used as the surgical dressing: Cotton, Wool, Silk, and regenerated fibers Sutures- Surgical Catgut and Ligatures.

Chapter 7

• Basic principles involved in the traditional systems of medicine: Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy.

• Methods of the preparation of the Ayurvedic formulations: Asava, Arista, Gutika, Churna, Taila, Lehya, and Bhasma.

Chapter 8

• Role of the various medicinal and aromatic plants in the national economy and their export potentials.

Chapter 9

• Herbs as the Health food: Brief introduction and therapeutic applications of Nutraceuticals, Pro-biotics, Antioxidants, Prebiotics, Omega-3-fatty acids, Spirulina, Dietary fibers, Carotenoids, Soya, and Garlic.

Chapter 10

Introduction to the herbal formulations

Chapter 11

• Herbal Cosmetics: Sources of Herbal Cosmetics, Chemical constituents, commercial preparations, therapeutic and cosmetic uses of the Aloe vera gel, Lavender oil, Almond oil, Olive oil, Rosemary oil, Sandal Wood oil.

Chapter 12

Phytochemical investigation of the drugs: Phytochemical investigation of drugs

Practical (ER20-13P)

1. Morphological Identification of the following crude drugs: Senna, Coriander, Fennel, Ispaghula, Cardamom, Ginger, Clove, Nutmeg, Cinnamon Ephedra, Rauwolfia, Black Paper, Gokhru, Agar, Punarnava, and Cinchona.

2. Anatomical studies of the following drugs: Nux Vomica, Ajwain, Cinnamon, Datura, Cinchona, Vasaka, Clove, Ashwagandha, Liquorice, Curcuma, and Coriander.

3. Chemical and Physical tests for evaluation of the following drugs: Gelatine, Castor Oil, Benzoin, Pale catechu, Black catechu, Tragacanth, Agar, Guar gum, Acacia, and Asafoetida.

Human Anatomy and Physiology

Theory (ER20-14T)

Chapter 1

Scope of anatomy and physiology, Definitions of the various terminology

Chapter 2

• Structure of the Cell: Cell components, structure, and functions.

Chapter 3

• Tissues of the Human Body: Various tissues of the human body are Epithelial, Muscular, Connective, and Nervous tissue of their characteristics.

Chapter 4

• Osseous Systems: Structure and functions of Osseous Systems of the axial and appendicular skeleton, Bones classification, various movements of joints, and disorders of the joints.

Chapter 5

• Haemopoietic Systems: Composition and functions of blood, Characteristics, and functions of RBCs, WBCs, and platelets, Mechanism of Blood Clotting, Importance of Blood groups, and Process of Hemopoiesis.

Chapter 6

• Lymphatic System: Lymphatic system composition, function and its formation, Structure, and functions of lymph node and spleen.

Chapter 7

• Cardiovascular System: Anatomy and Physiology of heart, Cardiac cycle, and Heart Sounds, Blood vessels and various circulation (Pulmonary, coronary, and systemic circulation), Basics of Electro Cardio Gram (ECG), Blood pressure and its regulation.

Chapter 8

• Respiratory Systems: Anatomy of the respiratory organs and their functions, Respiratory volumes, Regulation of systems, Mechanism of respiration, and capacities definitions.

Chapter 9

• Digestive System: Anatomy and Physiology of the Gastro-Intestinal Tract (GI), Anatomy and functions of accessory glands, Physiology of digestion and absorption.

Chapter 10

• Skeletal Muscles: Histology of skeletal muscle, Physiology of muscle contraction, and Disorders of skeletal muscles.

Chapter 11

• Nervous System: Classification of the nervous system, Anatomy, and physiology of cerebellum, cerebrum, midbrain, Function of the hypothalamus, medulla oblongata, and basal ganglia, Spinal cord structures, Name and functions of the cranial nerves, Anatomy, and physiology of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system.

Chapter 12

• Sense Organs – Anatomy and Physiology of the: Ear, Eye, Skin, Tongue, and Nose.

Chapter 13

• Urinary Systems: Anatomy and physiology of the urinary system, Renin-angiotensin system, Physiology of the urine formation, Clearance tests, and micturition reflux.

Chapter 14

• Endocrine System: Different endocrine glands are the Pituitary gland, Adrenal gland, Thyroid gland, Parathyroid gland, Pancreas, and gonads.

Chapter 15

• Reproductive Systems: Gross Anatomy of the male and female reproductive system, Physiology of menstruation, Oogenesis, Spermatogenesis, Pregnancy, and Parturition.

Practical (ER20-14P)

1. Study of the compound microscope in the laboratory.

2. Different techniques for the collection of human blood.

3. Microscopic examination of the Epithelial tissue, Smooth muscle, Cardiac Muscle, Skeletal Muscle, Connective tissue, and Nervous tissue.

4. Study of the Human Skeleton, Axial skeleton, and appendicular skeleton.

5. Determination of the Blood group, ESR, Haemoglobin content of blood, Bleeding time, and Clotting time.

6. Determination of the White Blood Cell (WBC) count of the blood.

7. Determination of the Red Blood Cell (RBC) count of the blood.

8. Determination of the Differential count of the human blood.

9. Recording of the Blood Pressure in different postures, various arms, before and after exertion, and analysis of the results.

10. Recording of Body temperature by the user of the mercury, digital, and IR thermometers at various locations, Pulse rate or Heart rate, and Respiratory Rate.

11. Recording Pulse rate of Oxygen (After and before exertion).

12. Recording force of the air expelled by the use of a Peak Flow Meter.

13. Measurement of height, weight, and Body Mass Index (BMI).

14. Study of the various systems and organs with the help of the various char, specimens, and models.

Social Pharmacy Syllabus

Theory (ER20-15P)

Chapter 1

• Introduction to the Social Pharmacy: Scope and Definition of the Social Pharmacy, Social Pharmacy is the discipline and its scope area in improvements of the public health sector.

Role of the Pharmacists in the Public Health Sector, Concept of the Health World Health Organization (WHO) Definitions, various dimensions, health indicators, and National Health Policy from an Indian perspective.

Private and Public Health System in India, National Health Mission, Introduction to the Millennium Development Goals, FIP Development Goals, Sustainable Development Goals.

Chapter 2

• Preventive Health care: Demography and Family Planning, Importance of breastfeeding, Mother and Child Health, ill effects of infant milk substitutes and bottle feeding, types of immunity and immunization, overviews of vaccination.

Effect of Environment on Health Water pollution, the Importance of safe drinking water, waterborne diseases, noise pollution, sewage, and solid waste disposal, and environmental pollution due to pharmaceuticals.

Psychosocial Pharmacy Drugs of misuse, narcotics, tobacco products, Social Impact of these habits on social health and productivity.

Chapter 3

• Nutrition and Health: Basics of nutrition and health, Micronutrients and Macronutrients, Importance of water and fibers in diet and Balanced diet, Malnutrition, nutrition deficiency diseases, ill effects of junk foods, calorific & nutritive values of various foods, fortification of the food.

Introduction to food safety, adulteration of the foods, effects of artificial ripening, use of pesticides, genetically modified foods, Dietary supplements, nutraceuticals, food supplements indications with benefits, and Drug Food Interactions.

Chapter 4

• Epidemiology: Introduction to epidemiology, and its various applications. Understanding of terms like epidemic, endemic, pandemic, mode of quarantine, transmission, outbreak, isolation, incubation period, contact tracing, morbidity, and mortality.

Respiratory infections like chickenpox, mumps, measles, rubella, influenza (including Covid 19, Avian-Flu, H1N1, MERS, SARS), Whooping cough, Diphtheria, meningococcal meningitis, Acute respiratory infections, Tuberculosis, Intestinal infections poliomyelitis, Viral hepatitis, Acute diarrheal diseases, Amebiasis, Worm infestations, food poisoning, and Typhoid.

Arthropod-borne infections such as dengue, malaria, filariasis, and, chikungunya, Surface infections trachoma, tetanus, leprosy, HIV, or AIDS.

Chapter 5

Introduction to the health systems and all the ongoing National Health programs in India, their objectives, functioning, and the role of pharmacists.

Chapter 6

• Pharmaco epidemics: Introduction to the Pharmaco epidemics, basic terminology, and importance of the pharmacoeconomics

Practical (ER20-15T)

1. National immunization schedule for adults, children vaccine schedule, Vaccines which are not contained in the Immunization Program.

2. RCH (Reproductive and Child Health) nutritional aspects.

3. Family planning programs devices.

4. Microscopical observation of the different microbial.

5. Demonstration of Oral Health and Hygiene (OHH).

6. Personal hygiene and hand washing techniques, Sneeze, Cough, and etiquette.

7. Demonstrate Menstrual hygiene and products used for this purpose.

8. Different types of masks, PPE gear, wearing or using them, and disposal.

9. First Aid Theory, demonstration, hands-on training, audio-visual programs, and practice, Basic Life Support (BSL), Systems SCA (Sudden Cardiac Arrest), FBAO (Foreign Body Airway Obstruction), Defibrillation using AED, and CPR.

10. Emergency medical treatment for all emergency cases such as snake bites, insecticide poisoning, dog bite, burns, fractures, epilepsy, etc.

11. Role of the Pharmacists in Disaster Management (DM).

12. Marketed preparations of antiseptics, disinfectants, fumigating agents, mosquito repellents, anti-larval agents, etc.

13. Health Communication of Audio or Video podcasts, PowerPoint Slides, Images, Short videos, etc.

14. Water purification management and uses of the water testing kit, calculation of the percentage of KMnO4, and bleaching powder to be used for tanks.

15. Counselling of children on junk foods, and balanced diets using Information, Education and Communication (IEC), etc.